導讀：零售業(yè)RFID的應用是目前最為廣泛的RFID應用。在全球市場來說，零售業(yè)RFID今年將會有更為強勁的增長。而前段時間，亞馬遜公布了其在西雅圖的概念店：Amazon Go（點擊了解詳情亞馬遜“搶劫式”實體超市）讓很多RFID專業(yè)人士看到了RFID在零售業(yè)更為深遠的應用。深圳市銓順宏科技有限公司-ThingMagic中國區(qū)總代理，專業(yè)的RFID設備和技術服務供應商。taishans.cn.cn  400-8331258。

下面請看外媒的研究報告：

RFID技術在2016年取得了巨大的進步。服裝行業(yè)繼續(xù)領先RFID應用，約46億件衣物攜帶RFID標簽?；瘖y品，電子和酒精以及汽車用品，體育用品和小家電也開始看到RFID的應用。因為標簽技術的發(fā)展，克服了金屬和小體積的技術限制，化妝品和珠寶開始形成了一個蓬勃發(fā)展的市場。

看來，2017年將會是RFID爆發(fā)的一年。根據研究公司IDTechEx，去年服裝行業(yè)總共使用46億張RFID標簽，但這也僅占整個服裝市場的約10％，留下了很大的增長空間。全球總共有40億個可用于RFID標記的服裝項目，表明服裝市場的巨大潛力。

根據咨詢公司Kurt Salmon的調查，在收入至少為5億美元的60家零售商的調查中，73％表示已部署或正在試點RFID。而在2014年的研究中這個數字為34%，市場翻了兩倍多。

RFID在零售行業(yè)的具有遠大前景這一跡象出現在去年。當時梅西百貨宣布，其銷售的每個產品將在2017年年底攜帶一個RFID標簽。零售商銷售的產品中超過60％目前攜帶RFID標簽。

“2017年將是一個有趣的一年，”全球RFID專家Bill Hardgrave說，他是奧本大學哈佛商學院院長。“我們在過去24個月中所看到的行動非常健康，只會加速。RFID將繼續(xù)被應用，源標簽是一個很大的驅動力。

能夠反映RFID對投入產出比影響的突出指標

資料來源：Kurt Salmon RFID零售調查，2016

除了梅西百貨，馬克和斯賓塞和迪卡儂去年都有重大RFID擴展。RFID標簽供應商艾利丹尼森，Impinj和恩智浦都表示標簽銷售強勁增長，艾利丹尼森預計2017年RFID將增長30％，盡管美國的服裝市場增長緩慢。

“我們將不僅看到今年的零售商廣度增加，也將看到使用深度的增加，”Hardgrave說。“零售商對RFID應用將從一兩個小部門，擴大到到其他部門。這一切都是由庫存準確度驅動的，零售商意識到，如果不使用RFID，他們不能獲得良好的庫存準確度。

根據Platt零售研究所的數據，除了將庫存準確度從65％提高到98％或更高之外，零售商還從多個方面受益于RFID，該研究報告了對梅西百貨的研究結果：

產品顯示符合率：RFID的使用大大提高了顯示符合率。未顯示的產品在4%-6%范圍內，而未使用RFID之前，這項數據在30%以上。

客戶滿意度：整體客戶滿意度以及客戶“查找所有商品”的能力都有提高，女鞋部門（WSD）比梅西百貨其他部門的增長更快。這歸功于改進的產品顯示符合率，以及商店員工可以花費更多的時間與客戶溝通和更少的時間進行盤點的事實。

銷售額：數據表明，在RFID部署后，全價銷售的銷售額增加了1％，降價 銷售的銷售額增長了2.6％。

RFID標簽也可以起到防盜的作用，在某些情況下，被動標簽取代了硬安全標簽。此外，RFID使零售商能夠與消費者互動，并了解他們的購買習慣。零售商可以衡量哪些產品進入試衣間并進入結帳臺，幫助形成數據驅動的分析，了解為什么某些產品不賣 - 無論是風格，定價還是缺貨。

然而，未來才只是開始，當涉及到中斷零售概念，如Amazon Go。Amazon Go這家在西雅圖的概念店允許客戶購買物品而不用排隊結賬完成物理支付過程。在這種情況下，亞馬遜利用傳感器融合技術（如RFID，攝像機和其他傳感器技術的組合）來使用來自所有來源的數據來解決問題。在這種情況下，RFID僅表示一個數據點。Auburn RFID實驗室主任Justin Patton說，未來RFID應用的最終目標是將RFID作為數據采集工具，納入更廣泛的傳感器融合解決方案。

“這是零售技術的巨大飛躍，”Patton說。“這個想法是采用很多不同類型的傳感器，并在零售商店環(huán)境中將它們組合在一起。RFID不是目的地，而是到達那里的車輛。“我們看到的另一件事是在這種應用中，RFID應用的重點已經從存儲操作和丟失預防，轉移到取消結帳流程。而這是零售商關注客戶體驗度的結果。

高端時尚零售商Rebecca Minkoff正試圖通過使用RFID解決方案在其Soho的旗艦店實現自動結帳。Rebecca Minkoff與技術創(chuàng)業(yè)公司QueueHop合作，重新設計了零售店的結帳體驗。Rebecca Minkoff在其他使用案例中廣泛部署了RFID，包括RFID鏡子和試衣間，與消費者互動。SoHo的重新設計的結帳體驗將在12月上線。

雖然自助結賬技術已經存在于消費者的愿景中很多年，然而時尚零售一直猶豫的原因是高價產品的潛在盜竊風險。QueueHop重新設計了顧客通過手機或者QueueHop自助結算亭進行付款的時刻的標簽解鎖，提高了安全性。

RFID技術可以讓客戶有更好的購物體驗，同時有效地減少線路，結賬話費的時間。Rebecca Minkoff希望重新定義傳統(tǒng)的結帳形式，并通過數字化體驗將良好的實際購物體驗帶回到實體零售店，增加實體零售店的銷售額。這種解決方案對于不愿意與銷售員接觸的消費者會有一種更好的體驗。

“我不知道是什么樣的模式將是最后的解決方案，但我們會看到這些東西在2017年開始涌現，”Hardgrave說。

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英文原文：

RFID technology made big strides in 2016. The apparel sector continued to lead the charge on tagging, with approximately 4.6 billion clothing items carrying RFID tags. Cosmetics, electronics and alcohol also began to see heavier tag usage, as well as automotive supplies, sporting goods and small appliances. Cosmetics and jewelry represent a burgeoning market, as tag innovation overcomes prior tagging obstacles around metals and small form factors.

It appears that 2017 holds even more promise. According to research firm IDTechEx, the 4.6 billion tags used last year represents only about 10 percent of the entire apparel market, leaving much room for growth. Some estimates put RFID saturation for apparel as low as 4 percent of all items, leaving even more room for expansion. In total, there are 40 billion taggable apparel items, indicating the giant potential for the market.

In a survey of 60 retailers with revenues of at least $500 million, 73 percent said that have deployed or are piloting RFID, according to consulting firm Kurt Salmon. That number is more than double the 34 percent from its 2014 study.

Perhaps the biggest sign of RFID’s promise in retail occurred last year when Macy’s announced that every product it sells will carry an RFID tag by the end of 2017. More than 60 percent of products sold by the retailer currently carry RFID tags.

“2017 is going to be an interesting year,” says Bill Hardgrave, worldwide RFID expert and Dean of the Harbert College of Business at Auburn University. “The action we have seen over the last 24 months, which has been very healthy, is only going to accelerate. Adoption is going to continue and source tagging is a big driver.”

Source: Kurt Salmon RFID in Retail Survey, 2016

Aside from Macy’s, Marks & Spencer and Decathlon both had major RFID expansions last year. RFID tag providers Avery Dennison, Impinj and NXP all report strong growth in tag sales, with Avery Dennison expecting 30 percent growth for RFID in 2016, despite a slow apparel market in the U.S. Late last year Avery saw a Tier 1 client move from pilot into early adoption, as well as a couple of small specialty retailers that moved from business case to pilot or pilot to adoption.

“We’ll not only see the breadth of retailers increase this year, but we’ll also see the depth of the usage increase,” says Hardgrave. “So a retailer that has been dabbling in a category or two, will expand into other departments. It’s all driven by inventory accuracy and retailers realize they can’t get good inventory accuracy without it.”

Aside from increasing inventory accuracy from as low as 65 percent to 98 percent or higher, retailers benefit from RFID in a number of ways, according to the Platt Retail Institute, which outlined the following results from research conducted with Macy’s:

Display Compliance: The use of RFID has substantially improved the rate of display compliance. The rate of items not being displayed was found to be in the 4 to 6 percent range, versus a self-reported rate of 30 percent prior to the implementation of RFID.

Customer Satisfaction: Overall customer satisfaction, as well as the customers’ ability to “find all items,” improved at a faster rate for the Women’s Shoe Department (WSD) than Macy’s stores as a whole. This may be attributable, in part, to improved display compliance rates, as well as the fact that store associates are spending more time with customers and less time taking inventories.

Sales and Markdown Indications: Based on the limited data provided, a definitive link between the use of RFID and unit sales and markdowns in the WSD cannot be established. However, there is an indication that 1 percent more sales were made at full price, and 2.6 percent more sales were made at full price and after the first markdown during the post-RFID deployment period than for the comparable non-deployment period.

RFID tags can also work as a theft deterrent, with passive tags replacing hard security tags in some cases. In addition, RFID allows retailers to engage with consumers and to learn about their buying habits. Retailers can gauge which products move into the fitting room and on to the checkout desk, helping to form data-driven analysis on why some product don’t sell – be it style, pricing or out-of-stocks.

However, the future is just starting to develop when it comes to disrupting retail concepts such as Amazon Go, which allows customers to enter a concept store in Seattle and purchase items without having to physically pay for them. In this case, Amazon utilizes sensor fusion – a combination of technologies like RFID, cameras and other sensor technology – to use data from all sources to solve a problem. In this case, RFID represents just one data point. Justin Patton, Director of the RFID Lab at Auburn, says the end goal is to have RFID accepted as a data capture tool that feeds into broader sensor fusion solutions.

“This is a huge leap forward in retail technology,” says Patton. “The idea is taking a lot of different types of sensors and combining them together in a retail store environment. RFID isn’t a destination, but a vehicle to get there.  “Another thing we are seeing is a shift from the focus of RFID being on store operations and loss prevention to the start of eliminating the checkout process. Retailers are heavily focused on the customer experience.”

That’s exactly what high-end fashion retailer Rebecca Minkoff is attempting to do by using an RFID-enabled solution to enable automated checkout at its flagship store in Soho. Rebecca Minkoff has partnered with technology start-up QueueHop to  re-imagine the retail store checkout experience. Rebecca Minkoff has widely deployed RFID in other use cases, including RFID mirrors and fitting rooms to engage with consumers. The redesigned checkout experience in SoHo went live in December.

While self-checkout technology has existed for years across the consumer landscape (i.e. grocery stores), fashion retail has historically been hesitant to embrace the technology because of potential theft implications on higher ticketed items. QueueHop re-engineered the security tag to unlock the moment a payment is made via a shopper’s phone or a QueueHop self-checkout kiosk.

The technology empowers customers to be in control of their shopping experience, while effectively reducing lines, cart abandonment and the time associates need to spend at checkout. Rebecca Minkoff looks to redefine the traditional checkout format and bring back foot traffic to physical retail with the digitized experience. The solution is another way for a consumer, who may be intimidated by a shopping environment or may just not want to engage with store staff, to be in control of their shopping experience.

“I don’t know if which model will be the go-to solution, but we’ll see those kinds of things pop up in 2017,” says Hardgrave.